Friday, September 4, 2020

Simple Conjugations for the French Verb, Ouvrir, Meaning to Open

Straightforward Conjugations for the French Verb, 'Ouvrir,' Meaning 'to Open' The French verbâ ouvrirâ means to open. It isâ anâ irregularâ -irâ verb. Conjugating unpredictable French action words can hard for most understudies, yet there is some uplifting news: There are particular examples in the conjugations ofâ irregular - ir action words, which French grammarians have anointedâ le troisiã ¨me groupeâ (the third group). So whileâ there are approximately 50 sporadic Frenchâ -irâ verbs,â these shared examples imply that you will just need to find out around 16 conjugations. Conjugating Irregular - ir action words There are three gatherings of irregularâ -irâ verbs. The verbâ ouvrir falls into the subsequent gathering, whichâ consists of action words that end inâ -llir,â -frir, or - vrir. Practically all are conjugated likeâ regular Frenchâ -erâ verbs. Notwithstanding ouvrir, this gathering incorporates the accompanying action words, in addition to their subordinates: Couvrirâ â to cover Cueillir  to pick  Dà ©couvrir to discoverEntrouvrir  to half-openOffrir  to offer Recueillir  to collectRecouvrir  to recoup, concealRouvrir  to reopen Souffrir  to endure Conjugating Ouvrir With regularâ -irâ verb conjugations, the stem stays flawless; in irregularâ -irâ verb conjugations, on the other hand, the stem doesn't stay unblemished all through. The conjugations beneath incorporate theâ passã © composã ©, which means theâ perfect tense, and theâ passã © straightforward, the basic past. Theâ passã © compos㠩â is the most widely recognized French past tense, frequently utilized related to theâ imperfect. Theâ passã © basic, which can likewise be converted into English as the preterite,â is additionally utilized close by the imperfect. You will presumably never need to utilize theâ passã © basic, however it is imperative to remember it, particularly on the off chance that you read numerous Frenchâ fiction or true to life works. Present Future Defective Present participle j ouvre ouvrirai ouvrais ouvrant tu ouvres ouvriras ouvrais il ouvre ouvrira ouvrait nous ouvrons ouvrirons ouvrions vous ouvrez ouvrirez ouvriez ils ouvrent ouvriront ouvraient Pass compos Helper action word avoir Past participle ouvert Subjunctive Contingent Pass straightforward Defective subjunctive j ouvre ouvrirais ouvris ouvrisse tu ouvres ouvrirais ouvris ouvrisses il ouvre ouvrirait ouvrit ouvrt nous ouvrions ouvririons ouvrmes ouvrissions vous ouvriez ouvririez ouvrtes ouvrissiez ils ouvrent ouvriraient ouvrirent ouvrissent Basic (tu) ouvre (nous) ouvrons (vous) ouvrez Action word conjugation pattern Ouvrir is an unpredictable action word Every single French action word that end in - frir or - vrir are conjugatedthis way. Utilizing Ouvrir There is likely no preferred use for the wordâ ouvrir over during the special seasons, particularly at Christmastime. Similarly as in the United States, Christmas is a significant occasion in France, and the idea of opening presents brings extraordinary fervor. A typical method to depict the merry time may be: Comme dans le reste du monde, les Franã §ais se rã ©unissent en famille autour du sapin de Noã «l, et souvent ridge modest crã ¨che, et les enfants attendent que le Pã ¨re Noã «l soit passã © pour ouvrir les cadeaux le 25 au matin. This interprets as: As in the remainder of the world, the French assemble around the Christmas tree, and frequently a little trough, and the kids hang tight for Santa Claus to pass by so they can open presents on the morning of the 25th. Figuring out how to utilize the verbâ ouvrir, at that point, can help open ways to you as you talk about and participate in many French social conversations and festivities.

Sunday, August 23, 2020

Tracing the Emergence of the Symphony from Sammartini and Stamitz Essay

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

Saturday, August 22, 2020

My chosen product Essay Example for Free

My picked item Essay My picked item is a Philips Plasma Screen TV. This is my SWOT examination for this electronic item. Qualities: Flat screen plasma TVs are getting progressively mainstream and as this specific item incorporates stand and speakers as standard importance its a deal. Shortcoming: There are an enormous scope of various plasma screens accessible importance clients are spoilt for decision. This incorporates rivalry with rival plasma makers all contending to be sold. Openings: Philips are constantly creating new quality stands and screens permitting them to offer more items to potential purchasers. Dangers: Competition presented to Philips by other enormous associations, for example, Sony are the greatest danger. This is because of them both vieing for a huge portion of a similar market. Segment 4: Stakeholders Richer sounds principle partners are: Customers are existing clients. They have a relationship with the association as their connection is that they purchase the items or the administrations. Workers depend on the business for work so along these lines have a relationship with the business. Providers take orders from the business making deals, this they are partners. Backers (of the association) pay cash to relate the name of their item or business with an occasion or individual. The financiers of the business loan cash to organization in this manner making them a significant partner inside the association. All the above partners are keen on the business as they depend on their exercises and exchanges to keep their association running. A case of this is providers, without taking requests from the business; they won't make any benefit, which may lead the association to close down. [M2] At the point when organizations are confronted with concerned partners, they have a decision of either making a move, or not. The choice taken will for the most part rely upon the intensity of the partner gathering, the issue the gathering has raised, or the impact of any activity taken upon other partner gatherings. As each business has a primary intend to endure, its normally reasonable for businesss to react to partners concerns. Absence of thought may prompt blacklists, which will diminish benefits. A case of this is when Greenpeace required a blacklist of Shell petroleum with the consequence of deals falling by roughly half. This is likewise an issue for Richer Sounds as its piece of the huge sound and vision showcase, which means loss of benefit may make Richer Sounds fall and become base of the market. In the event that this happened Richer Sounds contenders would have an expanded benefit, making it harder for Richer Sounds to recoup. In any case if the association decides to fail to address the issue it might now and again harm the business by blacklists which in the long run lead to benefit lose. Making a move against these worries may profit the business, anyway bearing that no business will ever have the option to satisfy every one of its partners constantly. On the off chance that Richer Sounds was confronted with this issue, they could decide to either face or sort the issue, or to overlook it. As I would see it, Richer Sounds should handle and face the issue, since outcomes could be lethal, (for example, blacklists). A case of this was when Greenpeace boycotted Shells Fuel association, bringing about loss of roughly half in benefit. More extravagant Sounds keeps up very well with changing innovation in this way it should likewise stay aware of all other outside impacts, for example, practical components. More extravagant sounds are influenced by a scope of prudent components including trade rates. This is because of the way that Richer Sounds purchases an enormous portion of their stock abroad. At the point when Richer Sounds makes buys structure Europe, the cost ordinarily relies upon the estimation of the pound relating comparable to the euro. More extravagant Sounds consistently benefits if the pound is more grounded, in this way the products cost less. Be that as it may on the off chance that the pound is falling in esteem, Richer sounds at that point need to contemplate this as the merchandise are then increasingly costly. More extravagant sounds may effectively adjust its exercises, by just watching the adjustments in cash rates and the quality of the pound to the euro. Another factor that additionally influences Richer sounds is the degree of costs. In the event that the general degree of costs expands, at that point Richer sounds will be compelled to increment there costs also. At the point when costs are expanded then rivalry additionally gets warmed. Nonetheless, the costs of electrical products have fallen in the course of the most recent couple of years, accordingly permitting Richer sounds to turn out to be progressively serious then ever. To help battle these issues Richer Sounds may decide to keep record of the costs and deals, as it might assist them with anticipating whether the costs of specific items may increment or decline.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Escherichia coli ESBL positive and its interaction with the human Dissertation

Escherichia coli ESBL positive and its cooperation with the human urothelial cells - Dissertation Example The quality encoding the anti-toxin obstruction is found on plasmids, transposons, and embedded in qualities in microscopic organisms everywhere throughout the world and in different species. Albeit much research has been directed to describe the microbial protein biochemically, PCR investigation remains the â€Å"gold standard (4, 5, 6).† E. coli segregates from the earth are commonly succeptible to beta-lactam anti-infection agents in light of the nonappearance of a solid advertiser succession for the statement of the quality for Beta-Lactamase. Be that as it may, broad utilization of anti-infection agents and the spread of hereditary components among the microscopic organisms have brought about improvement of Beta-lactam safe strains. Thusly, Beta-lactam safe strains of E. coli have been segregated from medical clinics and facilities around the globe (7, 8, 9). Klebsiella is an individual from the Enterobacteria that is a little, non-motile bar, and the bacterium is frequen tly connected with urinary tract diseases. Klebsiella is fit for nonaerobic digestion and is found in water and soil, notwithstanding the mammalian intestinal and urinary tracts. Klebsiella has the chemical nitrogenase, and is equipped for nitrogen obsession under nonaerobic conditions, yet the bacterium loses this ability under the high-impact condition in mammalian intestinal and urinary tracts (1, 10, 11, 12). Points and Objectives The authoritative of E.coli to urothelial cells is intervened by pili by means of the FIMH protein. The receptor for the coupling has been clarified to be uroplakin 1a in mouse cells (13). Change of key deposits in FIMH constricts gorging of E.coli to the FIMH urinary receptor and subsequently lessens colonization of the microorganisms in the bladder. The coupling is intervened by mannose buildups and depends on a key pocket in the FIMH protein (14, 15). Confines of E. coli from a septic sheep were used to describe the cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 2, and it was found that this protein enters affected epithelial cells and targets Rho protein, which along these lines redesigns actin fibers into stress strands in the affected host cells (16, 17, 18). Photodynamic treatment (PDT) has been used to treat numerous epidermal conditions in people. These incorporate skin malignancy, skin break out, skin rejuvination, hidradenitis suppurativa, psoriasis, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, dispersed actinic porokeratosis, limited scleroderma, and vulval lichen sclerosis. Different applications incorporate butt-centric and vulvar carcinoma, mitigation of metastatic bosom disease to skin, Barrett’s throat, and retinal macular degeneration (19, 20, 21). PDT is described by the use of moderate light (50mW/s) for a moderate measure of time (15 minutes) to the contaminated zone which makes a photosensitization period followed by a demolition period. PDT application brings about a 5 to 6 log decline in irresistible, antiobiotic safe microscopic organisms by decimation of amino acids and polylysine tracts present in bacterial proteins, just as the production of damaging receptive oxygen species (22, 23, 24). It is proposed in this work PDT be used to light E. coli and Klebsiella beta-lactamase positive microscopic organisms from societies of human urothelial cells. Materials and Methods Human urothelial ce

Reaction Essay

Tips on Writing A Response/Reaction Essay How to Write a Response/Reaction Essay? A reaction/response exposition is an intense composing challenge. Not just it uncovers students’ capacity to speak to certain snippets of data in a composed structure, yet in addition to give contentions and express their own feeling about the point. Just as numerous different sorts of articles, a reaction/response exposition ought to follow a few pivotal scholastic prerequisites: It should be 100% one of a kind. The scarcest indication of copyright infringement and you are destined to disappointment. It ought not contain language structure and accentuation botches. It doesn't make a difference what kind of task you compose. Each should be perfect with regards to composing style, language, .and so forth A reaction/response article requires reacting to numerous data sources. It requires some examination and research before you begin composing. The enhanced chronicled setting in a reaction/response exposition is compulsory. The primary crucial to make your paper as inciting and empowering for readers’ contemplations as could be expected under the circumstances. Get ready for a dependable work, which is typical for this sort of article. It isn't just about summing up various content sources identified with the point. It is additionally about investigating, giving proof, contentions, and confirmations notwithstanding showing you a general affirmation of the point. Tips on Reaction Essay Formatting Response exposition arranging has all the earmarks of being the serious issue for most of understudies. Then again, legitimate arranging is the benchmark necessity. When you neglect to meet it, your paper is bound to disappointment also. Here are some valuable tips that will come n convenient when arranging a response paper: Stress the primary thought of the content you are perusing. Partition all realities and thoughts into discrete records. Characterize the key focuses, contentions, and issues; The subsequent stage is to recognize the subtext of the data gave. Make it understood for the perusers why you decide on specific subtleties and realities. You ought to clarify the importance of the images and feature their association with the remainder of your paper. Ensure the entire picture is conveyed to the intended interest group; Feature some solid focuses and distinguish the feeble. Give your own demeanor to author’s position whether you concur or differ and why. Ensure you have a lot of solid counterarguments; Outlines your considerations and express them in a solid proposal proclamation. Errors to Avoid When Writing A Reaction Essay Delaying is likely the most ordinary slip-up numerous understudies do when managing a response paper. Composing such kind of article requires a lot of time important to do the examination and dissect huge amounts of writing. A few understudies attempt to maintain a strategic distance from that work and actualize their own understanding, which isn't right. Continuously remember that a response paper shares nothing for all intents and purpose with a true to life paper. Nobody is intrigued how you would act in a specific circumstance. When you ache for composing help, you may discover basic reaction paper tests rather convenient. Good karma!

Saturday, July 11, 2020

Research Paper - A Sample of Research Paper

Research Paper - A Sample of Research PaperA sample of research paper will show you a summary of the most significant points of research. It is in your hand, what you need to get out of this research paper. You can get out of this article with this sample and will be amazed with the results of the research you will do with it.The purpose of a research paper is to gather information. And the better information you gather the better your research will be. A sample of research paper will show you the various research ways and methods you could use for your research. This article is composed of different ways of gathering information.There are many research papers written on the internet. Many of these papers can only give you some information on how to do the research. But a research paper on this website can show you more ways and methods that can help you in your research.It is the main way of gathering information on this website. It will give you general information that can be used by every student that is in the area to start studying for their Masters or even PhD in any topic.Another form of this research paper is to use Google search to find the right journal and article on the subject that you want to research. This research paper will give you all the information you need in order to understand the topic better.The most important thing is to have a good understanding of the topic. The research paper needs to discuss some facts about the subject in order to explain what you learned. A good research paper should also provide some examples of the data gathered by the researcher.The first form of a research paper is the most simple one. You should have all the information you need to make your research come out better. And the best way to keep your data updated and correct is by getting a professional opinion from a person who knows what he is doing.

Wednesday, June 24, 2020

Social Justice Towards War Veterans - Free Essay Example

Mental health is a major health problem that military community faces. Beyond physical injuries, veterans tend to be affected by all kinds of mental disorders such as psychological and psychiatric. As a result, those traumatic disorders turned these people with brain damage such as disorder post-traumatic stress, depression, addictions to alcohol and drugs and in the worst cases in suicides when they returning to their previous lives. It is very difficult for many veterans to live a normal life after they return to the country, thats why helping men and women who have served to the country is one of the most important priorities of the Government. Veterans experience higher rates of mental health concerns than nonveterans. Suicide risk is almost four times higher in the veteran population than in nonveterans. A major issue affecting mental health outcomes faced by transitioning veterans is community reintegration. In military populations that have been studied since the deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan, it has been observed that members of the military return to their homes are less likely to attend health appointments for mental health needs compared to physical health needs. A significant group of individual that abandons military service is diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. A special edition of Healthcare presents original articles that explore a variety of topics related to the relationship between mental health and risk-taking behaviors of veterans engaged in clinical mental health services. One of them was a reported that veterans have a high rate of risk-taking driving above the speed limit, illicit drug use, and negative alterations in mood and behaviors. Also, examined the associations between anger, aggression. Both anger and aggression were observed to be more prevalent in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Veterans who were arrested but before being found guilty were diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder were more likely to be referred for treatment, than those whose diagnosis was made after being found guilty. This research could have important implications for those veterans involved in the judicial system who are also experiencing mental health difficulties. The reason for this research was carried out to review a variety of different treatments to demonstrate the effectiveness, or not, of the current support for veterans with PTSD. As a negative result of these support programs for veterans with PTSD, they only focus only on reducing the symptoms of PTSD, however, they do not offer support for incorporation into society. (Understanding the Needs of Veterans with PTSD, 2018) The suicide crisis among soldiers and veterans of the United States Armed Forces in 2012 had surpassed the total of those killed in the battle, an average of 22 to day-about 8000 a year. The nations military troops are taking their lives at record numbers. Some statistics help to understand what happens. Although more than 69% of veterans who kill themselves are over 50 years old, in recent years the suicide rate has risen by 44% for those between 18 and 24 years old. Which points to the possibility that psychiatric drug prescription has side effects including possible addiction, in the increased aggression and suicidal thinking to those who had difficult military domestic violence, child abuse, and sex crimes, as well as self-harm. (THE HIDDEN ENEMY, 2013) Due to the barriers that service members and their families faced to the care of mental health treatment, in 2014 positive changes was made as a prevention and intervention strategies for veterans by the Department of Defense. The concern was regarding mental health access associated with seeking assistance for mental and behavioral health care. Therefore, the American Nurses Association partnered with First Lady Michelle Obamas Joining Forces campaign. The objective is dedicated to calling attention to and addressing critical issues facing veterans and military families. Despite positive changes in prevention and intervention strategies, there are barriers such as personal, social and economic, that interfere in the care of mental health treatment for service members and their families. To mention some example; some are not prepared to talk about traumatic events, fear of prejudice and discrimination, or even believe that problems will disappear over time. Transportation problems or financial resources issues. Concerns about command assess to mental health records and security clearance policy. Another method that has been implemented to abolish these special social barriers is that military leaders for their members in service have set the responsible to sends the message that seeking treatment when necessary is good. (The Journal for Nurse Practitioners Continuing Education Credit Application, 2014) Following these are the new programs instituted in all services for veterans to improve functional performance that has been effective. The US Army has committed an organization by guiding military, community leaders, as well as peers, to identify high-risk behaviors and to call on to assist with primary prevention of behavioral health problems. At the same time encourage individuals the use of mental health services when they experience trouble coping with stress caused by separation, deployments, financial pressures, and other work or relationship issues. Army leadership established a Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness program. A similar program has been created by the US Air Force called the Comprehensive Airman Fitness program. Also, the Navy establishes the Combat and Operational Stress Control program. All these programs were created with the same objective, putt mental fitness on the same level as physical fitness to promote positive behaviors in caring, committing, conn ecting, and communicating. Meanwhile, the Marines have instituted caring for friends. This program focuses on the reduction of substance abuse to promote connections with others, for the mental health needs of their members in services. (The Journal for Nurse Practitioners Continuing Education Credit Application, 2014) Brain injuries can be extremely serious. This problem is not only directly related to veterans in the war, but also to immediate family members. Family support greatly influences on veterans to face new struggle. It is very important to have a lot of affection, and patience because sadness and anger is part of the process of adaptation to a new beginning of life to them. Years to decades can pass before a service member seeks professional help for psychological problems. That why it is important to emphasize that to obtain better results it is not enough with the efforts of the campaigns of the support programs that have been very effective in the last years by the Department of Defense. It is also very important the support of family and friends motivating them to recruit to these programs to all those who present symptoms of insomnia, nightmares, restlessness; abuse of the use of alcohol or drug, depression, insomnia, everything that leads to a malfunction and integration to the co mmunity and their mental health well-being. The government has made a serious effort to provide adequate programs and services to the veterans of our nation. These programs are very important, help veterans with new strategies to learn to identify and control their anger and frustration. In addition, gives them a hope for a new beginning of civil life and family, and finding support in the community. Therefore, it is everyones job to help our veterans in their process of their social rehabilitation as a community.

Wednesday, May 20, 2020

Compound Sentence Worksheet for ESL Students

There are three types of sentences in English: simple, compound and complex. This worksheet focuses on writing compound sentences and is ideal for lower-intermediate classes. Teachers can feel free to print out this page to use in class. Compound Sentences—What are They? Compound sentences are made up of two simple sentences connected by a coordinating conjunction. A great way to remember  conjunctions is FANBOYS: F - For: reasonsA - And: addition/next actionN - Nor: not one or the otherB - But: contrasting and unexpected resultsO - Or: choices and conditionsY - Yet: contrasting and unexpected resultsS - So: actions taken   Here are some example compound sentences: Tom arrived home. Then, he ate dinner. - Tom arrived home and ate dinner. We studied many hours for the test. We didnt pass the test. - We studied many hours for the test, but we didnt pass it. Peter doesnt need to buy a new car. He also doesnt need to go on vacation. - Peter doesnt need to buy a new car, nor does he need to go on vacation. Conjunction Use in Compound Sentences Conjunctions are used for different purposes in sentences. A comma is always placed before the conjunction. Here are the main uses of the FANBOYS: Addition/Next Action and And is used as a coordinating conjunction to show that something is in addition to something else. Another use of and is to show that one action follows another.   Addition: Tom enjoys playing tennis, and he likes cooking.Next Action: We drove home, and we went to bed. Opposition—Contrasting or Showing  Unexpected Results but/yet Both but and yet are used to contrast pros and cons or show unexpected results.   Pros and cons of a situation:  We wanted to visit our friends, but we didnt have enough money to get a flight.Unexpected results: Janet did very well on her job interview, yet she didnt get the position. Effect/Cause—So/For Confusing these two coordinating conjunctions is easy. So expresses a result based on a reason. For provides the reason. Consider the following sentences:   I need some money. I went to the bank. The result of needing money is that I went to the bank. In this case, use so. I needed some money, so I went to the bank. The reason I went to the bank is because I needed money. In this case, use for. I went to the bank, for I needed some money. Effect - Mary needed some new clothing, so she went shopping.Cause - They stayed home for the holiday, for they had to work. Choice Between Two or We thought we might go to see a film, or we might have dinner out.Angela said she might buy him a watch, or she might give him a gift certificate. Conditions or You should study a lot for the test, or you wont pass. If you dont study a lot for the test, you wont pass.   Not One nor the Other nor We wont be able to visit our friends, nor will they be able to visit us this summer.Sharon isnt going to the conference, nor is she going to present there. NOTE: Notice how when using nor the sentence structure is inverted. In other words, after nor, place the helping verb before the subject. Compound Sentence Worksheet Use FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to write one compound sentence using the two simple sentences. Peter drove to visit his friend. They went out for dinner. - Show  a sequence of eventsMary thinks she should go to school. She wants to get qualifications for a new profession. -  Provide a reasonAlan invested a lot of money in the business. The business went bankrupt. -  Show an unexpected resultDoug didnt understand the homework assignment. He asked the teacher for help. -  Show an action taken based on a reasonThe students didnt prepare for the test. They didnt realize how important the test was. -  Give a reasonSusan thinks she should stay home and relax. She also thinks she should go on vacation. -  Show additional informationThe doctors looked at the x-rays. They decided to operate on the patient. -  Show an action taken based on a reasonWe went out on the town. We came home late. -  Show a sequence of eventsJack flew to London to visit his Uncle. He also wanted to visit the National Museum. -  Show additionIt is sunny. It is very cold. -  Show a contrastHe nry studied very hard for the test. He passed with high marks. -  Provide a reasonI would like to play tennis today. If I dont play tennis, I would like to play golf. -  Give a choiceWe needed some food for the week. We went to the supermarket. -  Show an action taken based on a reasonTom asked his teacher for help. He also asked his parents for help. -  Show additionJanet doesnt like sushi. She doesnt like any kind of fish. -  Show that Susan doesnt like either sushi or fishPeter drove to visit his friend, and they went out for dinner.Mary thinks she should go to school, for she wants to get qualifications for a new profession.Alan invested a lot of money in the business, but the business went bankrupt.Doug didnt understand the homework assignment, so he asked the teacher for help.The students didnt prepare for the test, nor did they realize how important the test was.Susan thinks she should stay home and relax, or she should go on vacation.The doctors looked at the x-ray s, so they decided to operate on the patient.We went out on the town, and we came home late.Jack flew to London to visit his Uncle, and to visit the National Museum.It is sunny, but it is very cold.Henry studied very hard for the test, so passed with high marks.I would like to play tennis today, or I would like to play golf.We needed some food for the week, so We went to the supermarket.Tom asked his teacher for help, and he asked his parents.Janet doesnt like sushi, nor does she like any kind of fish. Other variations are possible than those provided in the answers.  Ask your teacher  for other ways to connect these to write compound sentences.

Monday, May 18, 2020

Prepare for Chemistry Lab Pre-Lab Procedures

Chemistry lab is a required component of most chemistry courses. Learning about lab procedures and performing experiments helps you to learn techniques and reinforces textbook concepts. Make the most of your time in the lab by coming to lab prepared. Lab Prep Tips Review these pre-lab tips before starting an experiment. Complete any pre-lab assignments or homework. The information and calculations are intended to make the lab exercise quicker and easier.Know the location of the lab safety equipment and understand how to use it. In particular, know the location of the emergency exit, fire extinguisher, eyewash station, and safety shower.Read through the experiment before going to the  lab. Make sure you understand the steps of the experiment. Jot down any questions you have so that you can ask them before starting the lab.Start filling out your lab notebook  with information about the experiment. Its a good idea to draw out your data table in advance so all you need to do in the lab is fill it in with numbers.Review the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) of the chemicals you will be using during the lab.Make certain you have all of the glassware, materials, and chemicals needed to complete the lab before starting any part of the procedure.Understand disposal procedures for the chemicals and othe r items used in your experiment. If you are unclear about what to do with your experiment after it has been completed, ask your instructor about it. Dont throw items in the trash or dump liquids down the drain or in waste disposal containers until you are certain it is acceptable to do so.Be prepared to take data in the lab. Bring your notebook, a pen, and a calculator.Have personal safety gear, such as a lab coat and goggles, clean and ready to use before the lab.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Conservative Approach to State Intervention after 1979...

The conservative approach to state intervention post 1979 has been on the whole to go for the minimum as is illustrated in their economic policy and this was included in their critique of government economic policy at that time. On the whole the government felt that levels of state intervention were far too high in regards to the economy which led to various negative consequences such as making industry uncompetitive and laid back since the government would bail them out at the first sign of smoke as Labour always did. They also felt it destroyed the incentives for individual entrepreneurship leading people into not achieving their full potential as it was not worth there while, this led to lack of money within the economy as well as top†¦show more content†¦It had two main aspects to it, the most effective way to control the economy is to ensure that the money supply does not rise faster then the growth in economic activity. This is designed to ensure that high inflation is avoided and that industry can operate within a stable economic environment. It also implies that governments should not interfere with the rest of the economy, it is fairly liberal since it promotes minimum state intervention. There were 3 main ways in fulfilling the theory of monetarism, the first was control of the money supply. This was done by initially calculating the money supply. This would help in setting annual targets over growth rate which could be published with the budget as part of a medium term financial strategy. Any deficits could be reduced via 3 ways, high interest rates to lower demand, financing the public sector borrowing requirement without printing money and allowing exchange rate to float as well as stop buying and selling foreign currency to effect the money supply. There were problems with this way though since it was not too effective, particularly in the early 80’s when the inflation rate grew twice the government target, starting at a higher rate from 79-85 then any time in the Labour government. Inflation only fell when the money supply began to increase it was ineffective as society was generally cashless so from 86 onwards the idea of money control was abandoned. The second main way of carryingShow MoreRelatedBritish Child Protection Policies Essay2423 Words   |  10 Pagessaw a raising concern with the cruelty inflicted to children by their guardians, that was expressed in the public campaigns carried out by the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children . This, together with the progressive intervention of the state into family life during that period, for example through compulsory education, created the appropriated conditions for the passage of the first law to protect children from abuse and neglect . The Prevention of Cruelty to and Protection ofRead MorePublic Inquiry Into A Via Train, Prime Minister Stephen Harper3610 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction: Two weeks after RCMP foiled and arrested two men who were conspiring a terrorist plot on a VIA train, Prime Minister Stephen Harper was asked about the possible societal causes of terrorism in response to Liberal leader Justin Trudeau’s idea that â€Å"someone felt excluded from society† (CBC, August 25, 2013). Harper’s response to this notion was that it was not the â€Å"time to commit sociology† and that â€Å"I don’t think we want to convey any view to the Canadian public other than our utterRead MorePublic Health Paper12265 Words   |  50 Pagesrelate more to sanitary reform and ‘healthy conditions’. The chronological development of public health is mapped out, supported by the outlining and discussion of the emerging themes and influences pertaining to the study of public health. The approach to public health is positioned alongside the health of the population and the prevailing political/societal influence at the time. Pu blic health is impacted on by poverty and environmental factors. Presently government policy to improve public healthRead MoreSocial Policy Essay6100 Words   |  25 Pagesage and widows pension act 1940 decreased the pension age for the women of the age between 60 to 65 yrs old. There was a formation of the 1942 Report on Social Insurance and Allied Services on the basis for the post was reforms known as the welfare state followed by the identification of the five †Giant Evils’’ which included: ignorance, squalor, want, disease and idleness proposed by Sir William Beveridge. This report covered the expansion of the National insurance and the foundation of the NationalRead MoreUK - Analysis Report31935 Words   |  128 PagesDatamonitor. This brief is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied Published 05/2010 Page 1 Overview following year. The recessionary trend in the UK has worsened beyond expectation since the last quarter of 2008. The economy shrank by a sharp 1.6% in that quarter; the worst slide since 1980. The decline has continued in 2009 with falling consumption and investment demand. External demand has also remained weak because of a slowdown in the global economy. Furthermore, economic problemsRead MoreSocio-Cultural Development17197 Words   |  69 Pagesprimarily by self-interest. It can also involve the idea that individuals should strive to be self-reliant. l l However these attitudes or values vary in strength between western societies (e.g. UK society is more secular than the United States), and they also have their own distinctive cultural traits. For example, ‘Britishness’ might be said to include (among other traits): l l l an attitude of reserve (e.g. compared to American outspokenness) a sensitivity to class differences (asRead MoreEurope Economic Crisis55278 Words   |  222 PagesISSN 0379-0991 Economic Crisis in Europe: Causes, Consequences and Responses EUROPEAN ECONOMY 7|2009 EUROPEAN COMMISSION The European Economy series contains important reports and communications from the Commission to the Council and the Parliament on the economic situation and developments, such as the Economic forecasts, the annual EU economy review and the Public ï ¬ nances in EMU report. Subscription terms are shown on the back cover and details on how to obtain the list of sales agentsRead MoreThe Role Of Hrm16574 Words   |  67 Pagesresource management Part contents 1 Introduction to human resource management 1 2 Human resource planning and resourcing 41 3 Work and job design 74 Chapter 1 Introduction to human resource management LEARNING OUTCOMES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: identify the historical developments and their impact on HRM outline the development and functions of HRM understand the differences between HRM and personnel management evaluate ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ approachesRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesFrance Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may beRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and serious. I t is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide

The Effects Of Spaceflight On The Human Body - 1202 Words

Space Exploration: What Are the Effects of Spaceflight on the Human Body? The accomplishment of space travel on 12 April 1961 marked the dawn of a new space era. Since then, humans have advanced in technology and acquired immense knowledge through space exploration. We watch video clips of astronauts enjoying a gravity-free environment, however, there are challenges in space, the greatest threat being the lack of oxygen and pressure. Furthermore, spaceflight has a significant impact on the human body. Moreover, extreme variations in temperature and intense radiation from sunlight increase the chance of cancer. Significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessness are muscle atrophy (degeneration of cells) and deterioration of the skeleton (Kansas and Manzey 15). Weightlessness is also known to â€Å"cause the ‘moon-face’ appearance typical in pictures of astronauts† (Akiyama 22). Health risks also include cardiovascular system malfunction, balance disorders, eyesight disorders and motion sickness. Moreover, studies show that the crew members experience psychological effects as well, due to stress coupled with the body adapting environmental changes. However, the future prospects of space exploration require humans to endure for longer periods in space. These factors have paved the way for ‘space medicine’ that studies and improve the health of astronauts living in outer space. I will consider the studies on the effects of spaceflight on the human body and attempt to determineShow MoreRelatedAlexander Grant : The Longest Continuous Human Spaceflight966 Words   |  4 Pagesthe longest continuous human spaceflight. The current (2016) record holder for the longest continuous spaceflight is Valeri Polyakov at 438 days, or 14 months [1]. The purpose of this mission was to test the effect of micro-gravity environments similar to those on a journey to mars. Upon Polyakov’s return, his physical and overall mental condition were deemed stable. Due to acclimation times, it was plausible that a 3 year mission to mars would have no hazardous mental effects upon crew [2]. PsychologicalRead MoreThe Physiological And Psychological Effects Of Interplanetary Colonization1392 Words   |  6 PagesThe Physiological and Psychological Effects of Interplanetary Colonization Above 45,000 feet the atmosphere gets rugged, damaged, and begins to grow deeper and darker in color. This occurs because of the decrease in amount of nitrogen and oxygen molecules that are used to populate the air. This alone has tremendous effects on the human body, not just physically, but mentally. In the 1950’s, a major concern of those involved with space research and travel was a psychological problem, called the â€Å"Break-OffRead MoreThe National Aeronautics And Space Administration Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesNASA has taken many giant leaps in spaceflight since Neil Armstrong first stepped on the moon: The International Space Station was built, multiple rovers were sent to Mars, a spacecraft has landed on an asteroid, and we even have pictures of Pluto for the first time. NASA has accomplished some incredible projects that have inspired many and benefited the entire world with the research it has found. Unfortunately, it has recently encountered some setbacks t hat make it nearly impossible for the administrationRead MoreEssay on Human Factors in Long-Duration Spaceflight1162 Words   |  5 Pagesnumerous human factors challenges can complicate, and even ruin the entire mission. This paper will identify human factors challenges the crew will face, describe why they are so dangerous, and finally, identify ways to mitigate these challenges. The first challenge in a long-duration spaceflight is almost immediately apparent after lift-off, leaving the gravitational pull of Earth, and entering a micro gravity environment. Weightlessness can have several different impacts on the human body. AstronautsRead MoreThe Accomplishment Of Space Travel1923 Words   |  8 Pagesspace era. Since then, humans have advanced in technology and knowledge through space exploration. However, although we watch video clips of astronauts enjoying a gravity-free environment, there are challenges in space, the greatest threat being the lack of oxygen and pressure. Furthermore, spaceflight has a significant impact on the human body as extreme variations in temperature and intense radiation from sunlight increase the chance of cancer. Significant adverse effects of long-term weightlessnessRead MoreLong Term Space Travel And Its Effects On The Human Body1427 Words   |  6 PagesLong-term Space Travel and its Effects on the Human Body Synopsis: Humans are planning more space missions to Mars and deeper into the solar system. These manned missions require longer periods of time in space than any human has ever spent, as well as traveling farther from Earth’s protection than ever before. There has been very little research conducted regarding the effects of prolonged space travel on the human body. This paper examines how space travel will likely alter bodily functions. TheRead MoreThe Problem Of Instant Space Travel1437 Words   |  6 Pagesbut the solutions aren’t as far as one might think. With the current limitations of our technology and the overall price of spaceflight, our space program is unable to go as far as we could. The current price is far too high for reasonable space travel, but, how much does a trip to, let s say, Mars, cost? Well, according to The Mars Society: Estimates of the cost of a human Mars exploration program over the years have been wildly disparate, leaving much confusion in their wake. On the high end ofRead MoreEssay on The Life of Konstantin Tsiolokovsky1034 Words   |  5 Pagesand multi-staging, gyroscopes, escape velocities from the Earth’s gravitational field, and the principle of action and reaction. He paved the way for Sputnik I (the world’s first artificial satellite) and the Vostok rocket (the first of manned spaceflight). Tsiolkovsky is considered one of the fathers of rocketry. Robert H. Goddard (1882-1945), considered the father of modern rocketry, was a physics professor who had a talent for practical engineering and experimentation. By 1926, he constructedRead MoreApplication Of Using Crispr Cas875 Words   |  4 Pagesspace are endless. Scientist could manipulate the DNA of humans so that mutations provide astronauts with denser bones and larger amounts of muscle mass. Researchers can also use CRISPR-Cas to edit the genome of astronauts so that they resemble the mutations found in â€Å"Superhumans.† These mutations would make astronauts less vulnerable to bone loss and many other effects experiences in space travel. In addition, scientist could splice human DNA with other organisms through a process called transgenesisRead MoreSpace Flight: Risk of Performance Errors Due to Sleep Loss1644 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction During spaceflight astronauts will experience fatigue that can threaten their health and performance during their period of exploration. If fatigue during space flight goes untreated, there is a potential long-term health effects. The term fatigue can be explained as weariness from bodily or mental exertion and temporary reduction of functioning organs due to excessive stimulus. Astronauts are prone to other risk during spaceflight as well, these are the following: sleep loss, circadian

Differentiation Approach in Hospitality Services-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Differentiation Approach in Hospitality Services. Answer: Hospitality service conducts a relationship with guest and host. This is a way to maintain good relations with the guest for the sustainable condition of the hotel industry. The process has been changed in different practices and tries to implement a best possible result for guests. Through different concepts and innovations, a global change has made in the formation of the hospitality industry. At the early age, guest-friendship relation had found in ancient Greece. The laws of hospitality and the social standing with the determine nobility were considered as the best policy to retain goodwill with customers presented at that age (Becerra, Santal and Silva 2013). In case of Christianity, the custom of foot washing and a kiss of peace was the rituals for them. However, the time changes and the demand of customers and their need for services have also changed. So, a need for better innovation and a developed cultural amalgamation introduces the hospitality services so that better serv ice can be provided to the customers. Hotel management has to understand the need of the customer and have enough knowledge to satisfy them at their means. There are some factors that have changed as the time goes and these factors are the important and relevant aspects of sustaining the business in this globalized market. In comparison in the social aspect, Staff retention and effective use of staffs are one of the major aspects of differentiation. As mentioned by Yoo and Bai (2013) differentiation has applied in their retention policies and provides some experience at work so the customers can feel the homely atmosphere in that space. The upscale quality also provides better luxury from the hotel. The service quality is also improved in this new environment as competitive nature of hotels is persisted in this globalized market. The implement of accommodation management changed service management, quality check-up of foods, physical effort in promotion or marketing are some aspects that help in case of better service pr ovidence. These are some differentiation that occurred at the change of time. The time also changes the marketing communication process. In case of cultural perspective, change in branding and deliver services as per the tradition of a nation is the most important way to maintain a good relationship with customers. Most of the hotel industries, resorts, spa, and restaurants are trying to deliver the nations culture at their stores. Pulling theory of customers and maintain a relationship by delivering their culture through new packing is the most promising business illustration in case of service sectors like this (Snchez-Ollero, Garca-Pozo and Marchante-Mera 2014). Most of the service sectors and hospitality now follow SERVQUAL model and provide enough assurance and trust from the customers so that they build their position in the market. In case of workforce development, travel and tourism in Australia and improve a segment of non-profit organization this model has influenced in an effective way. Tourism marketing plan is an execution strategy for the customers and this kind of program provides effective service that helps to emphasize the opportunity for customers. As commented by Crawford (2013) The quality guest interaction that might not important for earlier times but now it is one of the important aspects of customers retention. The presence of a human element that means the attitude, behavior, and communication all these are important and customers are now judging the hotel atmosphere through these parameters. Some of the new departments have introduced in this session. Total quality management is a team that entirely builds up to manage the situation of the complex situation and maintain quality in a hotel, spa, and restaurants. Promotional strategies also change as the time goes past. New applications and innovative promotions are the key understanding that impacted the market position of the hotel or restaurants. In this globalized market scenario, benefits of promotion are expanding the marketing perspective of business. Lots of people know about the hotel, their culture, their quality, and specialties and also know the productivity and brand image of the hotel to make the promotion like this (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully 2013). The level of customers satisfaction and deliver good services and products has come after the people came into the hotel or restaurant seeing the promotion. The ultimate level of showcasing quality and development of the hotel and deliver the best quality to the customers is the main focusing point in this session. Showing positive attitude in business is also important. In ancient ages, people are not aware of mobile or technological devices. Computers, laptop, tablets, Bluetooth w atches, different gadgets are not easily available in those time in past, however, in modern time hotels are booked through the mobile or laptop services. They can send their money too from their mobile wallet, these are the differentiation that hospitality industry introduced in modern times that have no clue in past. The entire technological innovation and developmental performance change also measure the improvement of product or services. In case of easy money transaction for booking a room is also available in this modern times, the process is almost impossible at past (Sainaghi, Phillips and Corti 2013). Customers satisfaction level is high enough in this differentiation process as the change in the product as well as easy services have noticed in this format and that deliver the better opportunity for customers. Therefore, it can be concluded that changes in historical, social, technological and cultural perspective are there and the changes come because of technological innovation and change mindset of satisfaction for customers. In most of the cases easy transaction, quality process, accommodation in hotel, food quality in restaurant, and service quality in the spa all these were not judged in a comparative way but in modern times these are the parameters that encourage better facilities in the hospitality industry and signify the particular hotel and restaurant in the market. A better customer relationship and maintain a lifetime value with customers provide a long-term use of maintaining relationships. The implementation of the strategy for every individual customer is the main fact of providing special care for every individual and provides quality service from hospitality services. References Becerra, M., Santal, J. and Silva, R., 2013. Being better vs. being different: Differentiation, competition, and pricing strategies in the Spanish hotel industry.Tourism Management,34, pp.71-79. Crawford, A., 2013. Hospitality operators' understanding of service: a qualitative approach.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,25(1), pp.65-81. Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013.Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Sainaghi, R., Phillips, P. and Corti, V., 2013. Measuring hotel performance: Using a balanced scorecard perspectives approach.International Journal of Hospitality Management,34, pp.150-159. Snchez-Ollero, J.L., Garca-Pozo, A. and Marchante-Mera, A., 2014. How does respect for the environment affect final prices in the hospitality sector? A hedonic pricing approach.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,55(1), pp.31-39. Yoo, M. and Bai, B., 2013. Customer loyalty marketing research: A comparative approach between hospitality and business journals.International Journal of Hospitality Management,33, pp.166-177.

Sainsburys Employee Engagement and Business Environmen

Question: Identify the relationship between strategic objectives, functional management and business environment; Determine the management problems arising from organisational change and how these might be mitigated? Answer: Introduction: Employee engagement is the commitment and involvement made by the employees in accordance with the values of the organization. Employee engagement is crucial for any organization. If the employees are able to connect with the mission and values of the organization, realize their contribution towards the organization and feel that the employers care about the employees then they would get the encouragement to get committed to the organization or derive motivation to improve their performance. In the field of HR employee engagement is a popular aspect where the employees hold positive attitudes towards the organization. Most of the large companies are concerned with the workforce management but many do not really realize the importance of the employee engagement (Brajer-Marczak, 2014). This is because employee engagement can be described in myriad ways in which trust and the association between the employees and the employers are significant. The meaning of employee engagement is wide and shall be discussed in this assignment. The basic concept of the employee engagement occurs when the employee willingly put discretionary effort in their work with the utilization of time, ideas and energy beyond the call of duty. The employee engagement is diverse in nature. The involvement can be in the form of providing information to the colleagues, individual supervision and sharing knowledge and information and getting actively involved in the work. This would enhance not only the performance of the employees but also the organization as a whole (Custers, 2012). In this assignment the organizational practices of Sainsbury are discussed along with recommendations that are required to be made. Employee Engagement: Employee engagement can be defined as the workplace aspect which is directed towards the commitment of the employees to the values and goals of the organization, encouragement of the employees so that they benefit the organization and bring success and at the same time employees are able to motivate themselves so that they improve their own performance. An employee who is engaged is aware of the organizational context in which they are able to offer beyond their capability and potentiality. Employee engagement is the relationship between the employees and the organization (Custers, 2012). It is said that the engaged employee is the one who is fully absorbed and enthusiastic by the work and also undertakes positive actions so that reputation of the organization is maintained. An organization with high employee engagement has the ability to perform well as compared with those with low employee engagement. It was William Kahn who came up with the definition of personal engagement where he believed that the within the role that the employees perform it is the engagement that is most important. He defines that in the process of engagement the employees express themselves physically, cognitively and emotionally. It is very difficult to define employee engagement but in 2011 Shuck and Wollard recognized for concepts to understand the term. Needs Satisfying approach- this explains the aspects of the engagement in which the employees prefer themselves within the task. Burnout antithesis approach- The concepts of energy, involvement and efficacy are posed as opposites of the burnouts which are exhaustion, cynicism and the absence of achievement. Satisfaction-engagement approach- This is evident from the Gallups Q12 survey on engagement where the coefficient of correlation was 0.91 with the job satisfaction. This proves that the employee engagement is associated with the job satisfaction. Multidimensional approach- this approach highlights the differences between the job and organizational engagement. Here the main focus is on the role performance instead of the organizational identification . There are three categories of employee engagement which are discussed below: Engaged- These kinds of employees are highly committed to the organization. They are the consistent performers who utilize their skills and talents to work with passion. In this way they aim to move the organization towards innovation and growth. Not-engaged- These types of employees emphasizes on the task instead of the outcomes and goals of the organization. Their motive is to accomplish task rather than achieving the outcomes. Another important aspect is that they do not have sound relationship with the employers. Actively Disengaged- They are the unhappy part of the workforce who are consistently against the task, goals or outcomes. They tend to increase the cost of the organization by rendering low quality of work, low customer satisfaction and neglected opportunities . The real benefits of the organization when they have engaged workforce are given below: Employee Satisfaction- The engaged employees are generally the satisfied employees. The relationship between the employees and the employers are able to enhance the commitment and loyalty of the employees. The engaged employees generally get the encouragement to work for the company and achieve the goals . Productivity- if the employee engagement is high within an organization then they would be motivated and encouraged to perform well. This depends upon the trust within the organization. The increase in the motivation implies that the employees perform well and thereby increase the productivity. Retention- Engaged employees pose lower risk of turnover for the organization and hence the employee retention is crucial for the success of the organization. When the employees are engaged and satisfied, they would not leave the organization easily. Innovation- with greater employee engagement and job satisfaction, the productivity would increase. This would encourage the employees to innovate and generate new ideas for the development of the organization . Profitability- An organization with high employee engagement and greater productivity would imply that the organization is performing well. This would imply that engaged employees are more efficient and they contribute positively to the profit margin at low operating cost . The negative impact of hiring de-motivated and disengaged employees imply that they are not interested in working for the organization and that they are concerned only on the accomplishment of the task rather than achieving the goals and outcomes of the organization. On hiring them, the productivity and efficiency of the organization would decline which would cause a fall in the organizations productivity (Shuck and Rose, 2013). ges and Promotion: The role of a leader in identi Detailed description The employee engagement techniques used by Sainsbury would be critically analyzed to have an insight in the employee engagement techniques used by them including extrinsic and intrinsic techniques for motivation. About Sainsbury Sainsbury is the supermarket chain in UK that have nearly 17% of the market share as on date. The operations started from one unit since 1896 which has given the net income of 798 million UKP in 2014 with employee strength of 161000 plus as on date. The operations for the brand is out of 1254 plus locations so the diversity and offerings are so varied and wide that only skilled employees at Sainsbury can manage the operations. Further innovation and change with time was key to the organizational development and growth story all throughout. The huge number of employees and the turnover itself suggests the operational outlook for the brand where the changes in the business environment were well studied and incorporated by the brand. Being in a fiercely competitive market the brand has developed its own ways to manage the employees to get the best output at any time. Employee Engagement Techniques: A Case of Sainsbury, UK Like every organization, Sainsbury too is committed in developing its people to achieve the best and most productive workforce for the business. Thus Sainsbury being a retail outlet is dependent on its people and the way they work to make Sainsbury more attractive for the consumers. Thus in the oligopolistic market, Sainsbury have invested enough to be in the competitive position where it can achieve high levels of employee motivation to have better output and thus develop better market sustainability (Abrahamson and Eisenman, 2008). To achieve employee engagement and thus motivation, the brand has created opportunities well enough for the employees to benefit from and develop a process ownership. The representation of employee values, culture and behavior at work on consumer satisfaction is well recognized by the Sainsbury to implement the same in the behavior (Grewal, 2011). Thus the various elements of employee engagement are discussed from Sainsburys point of view. Leadership Style: The leadership style of the Sainsbury is well logged in case the process is transactional. For daily operations the employees are aware of what to do, when to do and who to do so the ambiguity of leadership is diminished (Korzynski, 2013). The leaders know the team and are aware of the strengths and weaknesses of the people working under them. The transition phase is different from the transactional phase where the motive is to change the way the business behaves. This style is to have the best approach for a particular situation in which the business is in. The daily transactional relations are based out of the daily operations where the leaders of a store would schedule who would be in charge of which department, for how long and who relieves whom. In Sainsbury the Lewins leadership style is visible where Autocratic leaders, democratic leader as well as the supportive Laissez-Faire kind of leadership are all visible (Mikkelsen et al., 2015). This is dependent upon the job and tasks within it where the business dose everything to see the job is done. In transition phase where special qualities of leadership is needed the business would select a leader from among the people with it who would take the process at hand up to perform the feat in which others would follow him. The communication of the processes that are undertaken in the process of change (say payment receipt from Credit cards for an example) would be the target. The leader communicates the process parts, develops the framework and uses the team interdependence to communicate the new process in place (Harris et al. 2014). Wages and Promotion: The role of a leader in identifying the best performer is immense where they use the same is done to develop employees and encourage them. The employees gets motivated with a rise as well as gets the charge to something more for the business with enhanced productivity and coordination. This process that involves the wages hike and promotion, encourages people to go an extra mile to achieve the objectives of the business. The technique encompasses intrinsic and extrinsic motivation for the achievement of organizational objectives (McGuire and McLaren, 2009). Communication: The communication at Sainsbury has a great role in employee motivation where it can be used to communicate the expectations from an employee while take feedback from employees about operational details and process modification if needed for better operations (Ryan, 2012). The communication is also used to get intrinsic motivation in among the employees. The best performer or achiever of a business objective is communicated among all in the business so that people feels the belongingness more. Further, communication also opens the door for better suggestions via feedback mechanism. The intrinsic motivation is received by the employee when the name and achievement is been communicated to all that which psychologically boosts the individual in question. Sainsbury choose the communication as part of a regular mode of employee engagement achievement by boosting their morale (Williams et al. 2003) Teams and Group: People working at Sainsbury are well integrated in a team with a similar objective. Thus Sainsbury understands that team is a group while a group is not a team. Every member at Sainsbury are given an induction and the job is designed in a way which encourages mutual cooperation and coordination for a successful completion. Therefore the team efforts are well integrated and a hierarchy is in place at Sainsbury teams. Further the business uses interdepartmental coordination and communication to integrate people in a team when the joining is new so that each member may recognize themselves as well as others as integral part of the group (Pawowska and Postua, 2014). Thus the people are well integrated with the business and have a team effort on in the daily operations where each one serves the other one Training and development: The training and development is an effective way to develop the skills of an employee for operations. This added skill not only gives the employee new knowledge and ways to perform but also adds the needed motivation to complete, innovate and apply the new job techniques at work. Sainsbury have used this for improvement of skills of an employee and have succeeded in gaining the motivation out of the personnel engaged in regular shifts (Chen and Silverthorne, 2005). The training not only serves as a skill addition tool but also have the ability to enhance the productivity and group behavior within the business. The personnel with added skills would be at par with the standards needed for a job completion and thus feel more at par and motivated. Therefore the business of Sainsbury uses the aforesaid to have employee engagement at work. Employee engagement gives the business a cutting edge in achieving the needed consumer satisfaction where the people are well aware about the processes and the person dedicated for it. The motivation is again a very substantial business tool that helps the business to grow along with its people and achieve the needed employee engagement. Employee engagement has given the business an edge to design, implement and practice the best practices of Sainsbury so that the employee satisfaction guaranteed each time. The business too has used the tool well to motivate and engage the employees with their jobs. The suggestion and feedback for improvement was achieved with open communication channels where people participated. This engagement was well integrated in the business process to gain best of team building and this team eventually gave the needed employee motivation to perform. Sainsbury have intr oduced the needed business changes as per employee feedback and eventually have built a team of well engaged people, motivated and performance oriented. Conclusion recommendations: The main focus of the assignment is on the aspect of the employee engagement and the success of the organization. As the arenas of employee engagement are diverse in nature, the definition of employee engagement is rather difficult. In this respect the four concepts and approaches of employee engagements are discussed. The employee engagement has several benefits for the organization. It can be said that the employee engagement is strongly correlated with the employee job satisfaction which means that the employee retention and productivity are enhanced. The employee engagement practices and techniques of the Sainsburys are discussed in this assignment which implies that they have taken up leadership styles, wages and promotion, communication strategies, formation of teams and groups and the training and development program within the organization for the enhancement of employee engagement. Thus the success of the organization is also in the hands of the employee enagement. The five recommendations that can be suggested to the Sainsburys are: The organization must conduct employee engagement survey to extract opinions about organization by the employees. The organization must also focus on the local and organizational level of engagement so that the performance of organization is improved. It is important for the organization to select the appropriate managers who would encourage and praise the employees to motivate them to increase involvement . The managers must be trained so that the employee engagement can be measured accurately for further development. The most important aspect of the employee engagement is the defining engagement goals in a realistic. References Abrahamson, E. and Eisenman, M. (2008). Employee-management Techniques: Transient Fads or Trending Fashions?. Administrative Science Quarterly, 53(4), pp.719-744. Brajer-Marczak, R. (2014). Employee engagement in continuous improvement of processes.Management, 18(2). Chen, J. and Silverthorne, C. (2005). Leadership effectiveness, leadership style and employee readiness. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 26(4), pp.280-288. Custers, M. (2012). Rethinking Existing HR Technologies for New Gains in Employee Engagement and Benefits.Compensation Benefits Review, 44(6), pp.332-335. Dickson, D. (2011).Fostering employee engagement. Amherst, Mass.: HRD Press. Garber, P. (2011).Coaching employee engagement training. Alexandria, Va.: ASTD Press. Grewal, D. (2011). Perspective: Building a Team Science Training Program. Science. Harris, P., Haigh, F., Thornell, M., Molloy, L. and Sainsbury, P. (2014). Housing, health and master planning: rules of engagement. Public Health, 128(4), pp.354-359. Jeve, Y., Oppenheimer, C. and Konje, J. (2015). Employee engagement within the NHS: a cross-sectional study.International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 4(2), pp.85-90. Korzynski, P. (2013). Employee motivation in new working environment. International Journal of Academic Research, 5(5), pp.184-188. McGee, R. (2011).Employee engagement. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. McGuire, D. and McLaren, L. (2009). The impact of physical environment on employee commitment in call centres. Team Performance Management, 15(1/2), pp.35-48. Mikkelsen, M., Bgh Andersen, L. and Jacobsen, C. (2015). Managing Employee Motivation: Exploring the Connections Between Managers Enforcement Actions, Employee Perceptions, and Employee Intrinsic Motivation. International Public Management Journal, Pp. 11 Pawowska, A. and Postua, A. (2014). Employee and employer. Research considering mutual perception of relationships between employee and employer with projection techniques. PZ, 12(1), pp.30-49 Pegg, T. (2009). Creating engagement through employee benefits.Strategic HR Review, 8(2), pp.5-12. Ryan, S. (2012). When is a team a team? Teamworking  and the reorganisation of work in commercial cleaning. Employee Relations, 34(3), pp.255-270 Shuck, B. and Rose, K. (2013). Reframing Employee Engagement Within the Context of Meaning and Purpose: Implications for HRD.Advances in Developing Human Resources, 15(4), pp.341-355. Transformational Leadership: The Emerging Leadership Style of Successful Entrepreneurs. (2015). JLAS, 5(1). Vestal, K. (2009). Managing Challenges: Employee Engagement.Nurse Leader, 7(4), pp.6-7. Williams, S., Graham, T. and Baker, B. (2003). Evaluating outdoor experiential training for leadership and team building. Journal of Mgmt Development, 22(1), pp.45-59

Thursday, April 23, 2020

US History Essays - Slavery In The United States,

US History Chapter 11 Section 1 1. a.) Civil War-between 1861 and 1865, the southern and northern states clashed with one another in a violent conflict b.) Union-the unified nation of the US 2. Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the famous novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, which started the controversy between North and South. 3. Some historians have suggested that the Civil War could have been avoided. If the US had elected better leaders and established stronger political institution they believe, wild-eyed extremists on both sides would never have been able to force the nation into war. Other historians-especially more recent ones-don't accept the idea that American society was similar everywhere. 4. Uncle Tom's Cabin had great affects on the North. The North saw slavery as a sin against man. They tried pushing northern views on the South, which is later believed to have started the war. 5. George Fitzhugh stated that: You, with the command over labor which your capital gives you, are a slave owner-a master, without the obligations of a master. They who work for you, who create your income, are slaves, without the rights of slaves. Slaves without a master! 6. The differences between North and South were not simply a product of exaggerated fiction and propaganda. Hard facts also told the story. They showed that the North was becoming still more urban, still more industrial than the South. Its population, two and a half times as large as the population of the South, was becoming even larger and more diverse, as Irish and German immigrants crowded into swelling cities. 7. Northern were exploiting the immigrants coming into the US whom needed labor so badly while the Southern exploited the blacks because the were bought as slaves. Section 2 1. a.) Compromise of 1850-it was a package of laws designed to balance the interest of the two sections, North and South. b.) Fugitive Slave Act-this law orders all citizens of the US to assist in the return of enslaved people who had escaped from their owners. c.) States' Rights-according to this theory, states have the right to nullify acts of the federal government and even to leave the Union if they wish to do so. d.) Nativism-this was a movement to ensure that people born in the US, who considered themselves natives received better treatment then immigrants. e.) Naturalization-process resulting in the citizenship of immigrants. f.) Kansas-Nebraska Act-it proclaimed that the people in a territory should decide whether slavery would be allowed there. g.) The Slave Power-the South 2. a.) Democratic Party-the descendant of the Jeffersonian Democrat-Republicans and the Jacksonian Democrats. b.) American Party-nativists who went public by forming this political organization c.) Know Nothings-the American Party d.) Stephen Douglas-senator of Illinois e.) Republican Party-after the Whigs disappeared this party arose in its place 3. The Compromise had established 36 30'N latitude as a permanent boundary between frees and slaves states. The northern was unwilling to accept this boundary after the US acquired a large part of Mexico. Southerners were equally firm in insisting that the national government had no business telling its free citizens they couldn't take their property to the territories if they wanted to. And property, after all, was what they considered enslaved people to be. 4. Because the second party system was not diverse it couldn't stand against the Democratic Party and so it broke down in the early 1850's. The slavery issue badly hurt the Whigs, because many of their northern voters were middle-class evangelicals Protestants who were disgusted with the politicians' fondness for compromise. Another reason the Whigs faded away was that the old issues that had divided political parties in the 1830's now seemed largely resolved. 5. Fear about immigrants led in 1849 to the formation of a secret nativist society called the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner. Within a few years, its membership totaled around a million. The order insisted on complete secrecy from its members, who used passwords and special handshakes. They always replied to questions about the organization with the answer I know nothing. In 1854 nativists went public by forming a political organization, the American party. It pledges to work against Irish Catholic candidates and for laws requiring a longer wait before immigrants could become citizens through the process of naturalization. The party later became know as the Know-Nothings. 6. The Kansas-Nebraska Act proclaimed that

Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy Essay Example

Stealing Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy Paper Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy Paper Essay Topic: Carol ann Duffy Poems â€Å"Show how the poet explores the themes of Isolation and loneliness, and to what extent your appreciation of the theme was deepened by the poet’s treatment? † Stealing is one of the many Carol Ann Duffy poems in which the themes of isolation and loneliness are explored. The poem is about a person who has nothing to live for, because of this they have fallen into a life of stealing items that are worthless and have no sentimental meaning to them, the thief steals simply because they and get a thrill out of doing so (this particular poem is about the stealing of a snowman). The character finds it amusing to steal peoples’ belongings that have a creative aspect to them like: a guitar, a â€Å"bust of Shakespeare† a camera and a snowman. The poem was composed in the 1980’s, which were a time of unemployment and depression for England and also a time of technological advancement this could be the motivation behind the unusual things that are being stolen. However the belongings do not have significant value. Duffy’s treatment that she presents in Stealing also helped to deepen my appreciation for the poem. Her use of tone, imagery and diction that occurs in the poem all help to convey the themes to the audience more thoroughly and make them more apparent and therefor helping one to appreciate and understand the true themes of the poem. The exploration of the themes loneliness and isolation are portrayed in Stealing through a number of different ways, one in which is through the use of imagery. Imagery is a key element to the poem and is conveyed in an assorted of unique ways. In the third stanza the metaphor â€Å"I’m a mucky ghost† is used suggesting that the character has been separated from humanity and is possibly even dead to society. The use of the word mucky evokes that he leaves a mess behind him and is uncaring for other people and their property indicating that he does not have any friends or family that would suffer from him participating in these high- risk behaviours and getting caught and prosecuted. Duffy’s personal treatment that she has developed in the poem has deepened my understanding because the way that she uses imagery is unique and relates to every- day life. The tone that Duffy uses in Stealing plays an important role in my appreciation of the themes in Stealing. This is because the tone that the poem creates shows me that the Duffy was trying to say and how the audience perceives it. The tone changes throughout Stealing, this is because it is written as someone would talk and as you know the tone without a conversation changes depending on what is being said. When it says, â€Å"flogged it† the tone is angry the use of the harsh word flogged is affective in getting the theme of loneliness across because when you are lonely you can get angry because there is no one there to help you or talk to you about how you feel and how to get over being angry. A change in the tone is when in the second stanza you read â€Å"Part of the trill was knowing/ that children would cry in the morning. † The tone at this part of the poem is satisfaction; the character enjoys knowing that he has made children unhappy. These specific words and phrases that Duffy has used have helped me deepen my understanding of the themes because they are associated and link to the themes generally quite directly. Lastly the diction in Stealing is all very simple and easy to comprehend. This could suggest that the character was not an educated person. Because the poem was set in the 1980’s, which for England were a time of depression, and unemployment it would be easy to believe that the subject of the poem was not an educated man, this could also be a reason as to why he is isolated and lonely which is conveyed through the themes. The most sophisticated word used is â€Å"magnificent†; coincidently it is also the only positive word as well. This suggests that if you are a well-educated person you can be happy because you have opportunities. The single syllabled words like; â€Å"ton†, â€Å"gut†, â€Å"tough† are all simplistic words that represent the struggles of the thief’s every day life. Duffy’s use of these words also helps me understand the themes of loneliness and isolation because they are never being expressed to a particular person or someone that seems to be cared about. Duffy explores the themes of isolation and loneliness through her use of imagery, tone and diction. The way that she expresses her character in the poem is magnificent and the creativeness of the imagery is useful in helping me gain a deeper understanding of the themes, the ever- changing tone and simple diction also help me to engage and successfully gain a deeper understanding of the main themes of loneliness and isolation.

Saturday, February 29, 2020

Accounting Business And Corporate Banking

Internal and External Audits of Westpac The financial declaration of Westpac Group is prepared and presented as per the conditions stipulated under Australian Accounting Standards (AAS) Interpretations as declared by AASB Corporation Act 2001 as well as banking at 1959 modified. In addition to this, the financial statement also complies with IFRS and ISB. As per the declaration of the auditor independence stipulated 307c of the Corporation Act, there exists no contravention of the requirement of independence of the auditors under Corporation Act 2001 in association to audit. Furthermore, there also exists no contravention of any professional conduct code in association to audit. Corporate Governance of Westpac encompasses the major principles for serving the rights of the shareholders. Board is committed to highest standards in aligning with Corporate Governance in recognizing fundamental for all the activities. This involves regular analysis of improved government practices for monitoring the global developments as per best practices in Corporate Governance[2]. Corporate Governance Statement of Westpac sets out the given principles covering the main aspect such as: The management of Westpac confirms with ASX Corporate Governance Principles as well as Recommendations namely third edition declared by Corporate Governance Council of ASX Limited. This tactics refers to the commitment of the company towards achievement of excellence in governance stipulations. Business Strategy of Westpac involving in conducting customer-focused those will deliver superior customer experience as well as broadening of customer relationships. In other words, driving operational efficiency for Westpac in balancing risk and reward As per the Director report presented in the annual declaration of the company, Westpac intends to attract and retain talented workforce. This means the company also adopts innovative recruitment strategies, superior working conditions for meeting up altering expectations of the employees and developing right people for right job. The company has retained â€Å"Employer of choice for Gender equality provided by workplace Gender equality agencies†. The company also abides by legislative liabilities â€Å"Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act 1998†, Accident Compensation Act (1985), Workers Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1986. Employee working at Westpac is provided with efficient formal as well as training session at the time of induction programs[4]. Commitment to employees at Westpac involves staff member receiving adequate training as well as development selected on merit basis. 2. It reveals conducting appropriate research for determining the Australian Accounting Standards in case for reporting as well as non-reporting entities. By summarizing, it can be noticed that Board list entity after approving from entity financial statements for given financial period. From the financial records, information are taken out regarding the reporting standard and non-reporting entities in compiling with appropriate accounting standards for rendering true and fair view of financial position[5]. The general purpose of financial report for preparing financial statement in accordance with Australian Accountant Standards from the Corporations Act 2001 Shim J, Siegel J and Shim J,  Financial Accounting  (McGraw-Hill 2012) 'Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016 'Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016. Jae K Shim, Joel G Siegel and Jae K Shim,  Financial Accounting  (McGraw-Hill 2012). Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016. Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016. Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016.

Thursday, February 13, 2020

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae - Essay Example The genus includes many other types of yeast important to food production. The taxonomic structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is as follows: S. cerevisiae (Baker's yeast) is subjected to various environmental stresses during its propagation and industrial application. Yeast being prepared for the baker's facilities is subjected to many such stresses as freezing, frozen storage and thawing of bread dough. Besides this there are the usual stresses of fluctuations in nutrient supply, acidity levels, osmolarity and temperature and exposure to toxic substances like heavy metals and radiation (Schade et al, 2004). This often reduces the yeast's dough-leavening capabilities as well as other viable factors (Rodriguez-Vargas et al, 2002). The same is true when the yeast is applied to other food production techniques as wine-and beer-making. Thus, the negative effects of environmental stress on this species of yeast have great technological and economic impact (Rodriguez-Vargas et al, 2002). ... Thus, the negative effects of environmental stress on this species of yeast have great technological and economic impact (Rodriguez-Vargas et al, 2002). The organisms, through special stress response factors that act at the transcriptional levels, either induce or repress a set of genes known as the general or environmental or common stress response (ESR) (Schade et al, 2004). Genome wide transcriptional profiling has revealed that 10% of the entire genome is induced or repressed in this stress response (Schade et al, 2004). The induced genes usually are involved in cellular functions such as protein folding and degradation, transport and carbohydrate metabolism while the repressed genes are associated with cell growth-related processes that are suppressed till more convenient circumstances evolve. Such related processes may be RNA metabolism, nucleotide biosynthesis, secretion and ribosomal performance (Schade et al, 2004).Stress Regulation in S. cerevisiae Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae handle a diverse range of stresses by mediation via a penta-nucleotide element called stress response element (STRE). This is quite in line with the 5-nucleotide heat shock regulatory element discussed later in the paper. STRE mediates in conjunction mainly with two transcriptional proteins Msn2p and Msn4p (Treger et al, 1998). Several genes, the induced ones that are also the ones that are instrumental in inactivating the ones that are repressed in the environmental stress response, responding to stress like heat shock, osmotic shock, post-diauxic shift growth and nitrogen starvation are induced to transcriptional activity by sequences containing STRE, especially the Msn2p/Msn4p/STRE pathway (Treger et al, 1998). There are also a few

Saturday, February 1, 2020

Racial Profiling Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Racial Profiling - Research Paper Example It should be noted that there are many organizations which advocate for human rights and all individuals must be respected whether they come from a minority group or a dominant group. The idea that an arrest is made based race or ethnicity is only an indication that those countries or people in that nation still practice racial discrimination which is a bad concept. When the law is being implemented it must be implemented equally on all people in the society and should not be seen to lie on one side. People or different races have rights and when their rights are violated it becomes not only an issue in that country but also raises international concerns. Racial profiling as a problem It has been seen that racial profiling is any action initiated by the law enforcement agencies whether the police or any other group that is mandated with the authority to enforce the law that is based on race or ethnicity or even the nationality of an individual rather than by looking at the behavior o f that individual or any other information that may lead to the suspect who committed a crime or offence. The idea that because a given race is present in a given place means that they are the ones engaged in criminal activity is rather absurd and should not be tolerated (Tomaskovic-devey, 2009). ... George Bush once said in 2001 in his address that racial profiling is a bad idea and America will work to ensure that it is stopped. He noted that though there are many good police officers out there are a few who are still practicing the vice and they will not be tolerated and measures will be put in place to stop these abuses (Ryberg, 2011). Racial profiling is still a huge problem in the United States law enforcement agencies and especially the police. The police have said that racial profiling is a good concept. That it is both effective and necessary. They say that crime is higher in some communities and not in others especially those that have a minority population existing among them. They argue that the minority population is the one that engages in crimes and that to ignore that fact just because of the moral implications behind it is unprofessional and morally wrong. (Glover, 2007) Many other scholars have argued against this saying that the presence of a minority group in the population does not necessarily mean that they are the ones engaged in the criminal activity. The dominant group may also be responsible for the criminal activity and because they know that the minority group will be accused they hide and only perfect their plans making it even harder to recognize them. The causes of racial profiling are very clear. Scholars argue that the prevalence of this issue is based on poor reasoning from the police officer. They argue that because the cock crows every morning and we see the sun rise does not mean that there is a correlation between the two. Thus because there is crime in a given area and there is the presence of a minority group does not

Friday, January 24, 2020

Organic Anion Transporters Essay -- Biology

The main location of the protein organic anion transporter 3 is in the kidney and the function of the kidney is to get toxins, usually in the form of organic anions, or even medications out of the body. In order to separate and transport these toxins through the blood to the kidney, specific proteins called organic anion transporters (OAT) exist. The sole function of these proteins is to bind to these molecules and take them to the kidney where they can be separated from the blood and excreted. The way these proteins work is that they have a highly specific active site (or binding site) which has unique properties that make it prone to attaching to various organic anions. To better understand the role of OAT 3, a specific OAT protein which is present in the choroid plexus (spinal fluid) and the kidney, an experiment was conducted in which this protein was removed from rats by replacing the DNA code for OAT 3 with a similar, but not functional code. These OAT 3 knockout rats showed an inability to transport certain organic anions including toxins, hormones, and drugs. Methods Procedures: 1. Isolation of the OAT3 Gene 2. Analysis of changes in tissues of the wild type and OAT3 type 3. Northern Analysis 4. RT-PCR 5. Methods of Measuring Transport 6. Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy 1. Isolation of OAT3 gene: The strategy used here was a deletion of exon 3. An exon is a portion of a DNA molecule that codes for part of a polypeptide, which gets expressed. So the deletion of this particular exon caused a frame-shift mutation and a premature stop codon to be brought in. This just means that the messenger RNA (mRNA) that is transcribed from the gene gets translated normally until the ribosome co... ...family will allow humans to further expand the effectiveness of drug treatment. First, if the organic anion transport system could be blocked, certain medicines then would stay in the system longer that would otherwise have been excreted. This would allow for more effective and shorter treatment. Second, not everyone has the same amount of organic anion transporters in their system, thus by genotyping a patient and discovering the amount of the transporters present in the individual, a personalized drug regiment could be devised , making it more effective for the individual. Third, by identifying the anion transported by each OAT (OAT 1-4), certain toxins could be transported out of the system much faster and prevent less damage of certain toxins to the system. By altering the amounts of the OAT family present doctors could speed up the recovery process.